Biometric Sensors are sensors designed to detect and convert human biological or physiological characteristics into electrical signals for identification or authentication purposes. They provide an interface between a measurable human trait and electronic processing systems, enabling reliable capture and interpretation of biometric information.

These devices typically integrate sensing elements and supporting circuitry to acquire biometric data and deliver it in a form suitable for downstream processing. Depending on the sensing principle, biometric sensors may operate by measuring physical patterns or physiological responses.

• Purpose: Capture biometric traits and translate them into electronic signals.
• Core function: Sensing, signal conversion, and delivery of biometric data to a host system.
• Common modalities: Fingerprint, facial, iris/retina, voice, and other physiological measurements.