LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) are semiconductor-based optoelectronic components that generate light when electrically driven. They convert electrical energy into optical radiation through electroluminescence, providing a solid-state light source.

Within the Optoelectronics category, LEDs are broadly defined by their light emission characteristics and are available in a wide range of colors and emission types, including visible, infrared, and ultraviolet.

• Core function: Electrical-to-optical energy conversion in a solid-state device.
• Key attributes: Defined by emitted wavelength (color) and optical output form.
• Common variants: Single-color LEDs, multi-color LEDs, and white-light LEDs.